Theories Discussion > General Discussion
Tent dimensions
Arjan:
Studying the photos retrieved from the films found by the first search party and the photos made by the first search party, two dimensions of the tent are of interest.
First dimensions of the tent in use before the ascend to the last camp site
The first dimensions of the tent as used by the complete Dyatlov group are available on the website dyatlovpass.com under:
https://dyatlovpass.com/1959-search?flp=1#the-tent
The dimensions are: 4 meters long and 1.8 meters width. These dimension fit a group of 8 to 10 group members. During a cold night they ought to sleep 'spoonwise' in order to keep themselves warm during the cold night. Of course it is rather tight with all gear inside.
Second dimensions of the tent found standing on one pole (Ski pole?)
Personally I sincerely take into account that the tent had been compressed by the overpressure of a blast wave high in the air during a few milliseconds. After this tiny period of overpressure, the tent had been inflated like balloon by the period of underpressure. After the group members inside the tent had recovered from the blast wave, they had cut themselves out of the tent in panic.
After recovery standing outside in a temporary 'white out' - caused by the underpressure - they had re-erected the tent on one pole for emergency shelter for two or three group members.
This photo made by one member of the first search party show:
- a very probably re-erected tent standing on one pole, that may arguably have been a broken skipole (see arguably the lower part of the broken pole between the person on the photo and the tent)
This probably re-erected tent provides an excellent emergency bivac for two or three persons, who may have easily survived a cold night - covered by many blankets while lying huddled together in the length dimension of the tent. The heads of these two or three group members who had spent the fatal night for the others may probably have been oriented to the opening of the tent near the broken? tent pole.
Remark: the other group members had not survived the cold night while staying in the ravine or near the cedar (both Yuris).
GlennM:
I would need more convincing regarding overpressure. For me, overpressure would be associated with ear bleeds, blowdown of the tent and a scouring of the snow in the area of overpressure. What more can you add?
Arjan:
The following details - as found by the search parties - may well be caused by a blast wave:
1. Yuri Dor found with: 'right cheek soft tissue covered with gray foam; gray liquid coming from his open mouth. Most apparent cause is pulmonary edema'. Pulmonary edema may be caused by a blast wave. See: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1807045/
2. Comparing the photos of Semyon and Lyudmila show that Semyon had been found with a fully deformed ribcase, while Lyudmila is seen on the photo in th e mortuary without hardly any deformation of her ribcase while her ribcage had been fatal within 30 minutes or so. Personally I can only explain her undeformed ribcage by being compressed by a high speed passing blast wave with an overpressure during a few milliseconds (compressing her ribcage) followed by an underpressure during a second or so causing an inflation of her ribcage beyond its normal size. After the passing of the blast wave her ribcage appears undamaged, but the internal fractures had caused fatal bleedings.
3. Less convincing: most group members had descended on socks to the ravine due to an icy surface caused by refrozen snow that had melted by the passing pressure wave. Socks provide a better grip on icy surfaces than boots or felt boots.
4. (May have different causes) the passing blast wave had compressed the tent on the group members in the tent for several millisecond. The underpressure had lifted the tent like an inflated balloon for a second or so. In panic the group members in the tent had cut themselves out of the tent.
Unfortunately the post mortem reports don't mention an outcome of otiscopy (at that time: looking inside the outer eartube with a concave mirror with a hole in the middle). If I remember well, the post mortem had been performed under full supervision of non-medical officials.
GlennM:
Thanks for the reply. Do you have an idea of the source of the pressure wave? Do you feel it was naturally caused by snow movement, or do you prefer a man made source? If you feel it was man made, what have you discovered that reinforces your position in the matter?
I seems to me that such a pressure wave, if man made would be accompanied by heat and light.
Arjan:
Yesterday I have omitted to add a 5th detail that may well be caused by a blast wave:
5. a. The post mortem report of Zinaida states: 'There is a very pronounced venous system on the legs and feet.' A photo of Zinaida in bikini - standing in cold water - before the hike, doesn't show any sign of pronounced venous system on her legs!
5. b. The photos of Yuri Dor in the mortuary a very pronounced venous system on his underarms.
'The intensity of the pressure changes from the blast can cause injury to the blood vessels'. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blast_injury
Personally I take into account that the high speed blast wave had been caused by:
1. a meteor of limited size blasting high in the sky
2. a very powerfull man made high speed explosive that had blasted high in the air.
Explosives/meteors blasting high in the sky cause blast waves that are 40 % reflected by the ground. In case Lyudmila and Semyon had been standing in the ravine, the shape of the ravine had acted as a concave lense for the pressure wave, causing an increase of the original pressure of around 100 %. This may well be the cause that only Lyudmila and Semyon had been found with broken ribcages.
See further: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blast_wave
Remark: Aerodynamics is a branche of fluid dynamics. One of the classic titles about aerodynamics of wings etc. is: 'Fluid Dynamic Drag'
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