Ziljoe
I don't know what happened there. My opinion is that they were not prepared to deal with emergencies, possibly with the addition of additional stress factors.
Regarding stoves. I haven't come across them in reports from those years. Moreover, not every group on a ski trip had them.
If we exclude the option of deliberate murder of the group or poisoning with something, then it is quite possible that they could have survived and returned to the tent, if they had training (not “on paper”, so to speak) on actions in emergency situations.
Hi , Hunter.
Yes, it is a possibility that they were missing certain skills but even the most basic skilled person would take more equipment or clothes . In my mind that makes me think they had no choice or couldn't take anything more for a reason.
This is from the kraelin hike , in Library of reports on sports trips from 1959 at the same time as Dyatlov.
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The Toshemka Valley is not wide. There are almost no channels. There is only a large island in one place. Moreover, the right channel can easily be confused and taken for the Malaya Toshemka. This island is located approximately 8 km from the mouth of the Malaya Toshemka. Such a mistake is quite possible, because there is no visibility from the river in this area, there are no landmarks. At the beginning, we made a similar mistake. The exception to the mistake: 4-5 kilometers before the mouth of the Malaya Toshemka, the Chistop massif and the Bald Mountain at the fork of the Malaya and Bolshoy Toshemka are clearly visible.""
The sunset was bad. And indeed, after sunset the wind picks up, which dies down only in the morning. During the wind, a flaw in the stove pipe design was revealed. The stove pipe was a sliding one made of four elbows, with a spark arrester on top. The pipe was inserted from the outside through an opening in a metal sheet sewn onto the slope of the tent. However, the pipe was only 30 centimeters above the slope of the tent, while the center point of the tent exceeded the level of the spark arrester by another 30 centimeters. Sparks, hitting the spark arrester, unfortunately did not go out, but were only reflected downwards and, in any direction of the wind, fell on the tent awning. Therefore, we had to vigilantly monitor that the sparks did not burn holes in the tent awning. However, in the first two nights we already made three holes. In the absence of wind, the sparks calmly rose upward and went out. To combat sparks around the pipe, they began to place a rag, previously soaked in water and frozen, on the awning."
Above , we can see one other group had a stove, holes were made in the tent by the embers coming out of the pipe.
Below , is just an example of a few pages of the report and I think it's one of the most important documents that hasn't been used in our decisions. It's full of information that the Dyatlov hikers came across. ( This group are the group that witnessed the lights/rocket/ meteor on the morning of the 17th of February. )
In no particular order, things of interest that are the same as Dyatlov group or involve winter hiking .
1) the use of the strongest skiers going first without back backs ( up to 5km) then coming back for the back packs
2) climbing pine trees.
3) holes in the shoe covers and why gaiters are used over shoe covers.
4) how to ski down hill with skis and hold the body .
5) one team member getting lost.
6) loosing Mansi trails.
7) warm weather( seems to mean -10c is warmer than -20c. )
8) when to take skis off and walk , when to use ski poles as walking aids.
9) how they buried a container for other hikers to find after the snow melts on top of one of their mountains in summer.
10) how they found the container of I, Dyatlov from the hike the year before on top of the mountain.
11) they talk about their skills and how it's suitable for a grade 3.
12) the exact same drawing of the elk symbol on the tree as in zinas diary .
13) the talk of all the Mansi signs and how they also got lost.
14) two of the group got reprimanded for not doing things correctly ( told off).
15 ) similar descriptions of , digging fire pits, lying in the tent.
16) candles for use in the tent and what is used to catch the wax.
The report is full of useful data that make things more understandable. More than I can remember at the moment. Below are a few pages which I think is a must read to get a context. There may be some translation errors. Please enjoy. I shall attempt to translate it all unless it's already been done on the main website.
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February 12, Thursday, we go to climb Mount Chistop. There are six of us. Volodya Shavkunov is a little ill. Oleg stays with him. We have a hearty breakfast. We take a dry lunch with us and set off. We follow the azimuth to the north. We fight our way through the slums of the Parma spruce-fir taiga. After 2 kilometers we come to a small river, along which a hunter passed long ago. We walk along the river, which meanders a lot. On the river we scared a flock of white partridges. It's a shame we didn't take a gun with us. Soon the river breaks through swamps, lost in the taiga. The swamps are not frozen in many places. I wonder what forces (no) prevent these swamps from being frozen? After all, there is a fast current here, like, for example, on the rapids on the river. In some places the frost still covers the swamps in an icy shell. Then colored ice spots form, sometimes brown, sometimes rusty, sometimes blue. Clearings begin to appear in the taiga. In one clearing we saw the Chistop Ridge 4-5 kilometers ahead of us. We go straight to the ridge. Soon we came to an exceptionally beaten path. People rode along it on skis and on sleds. And hunters rode along it. Having decided that this path leads to the 41st forest section, i.e. along the Chistop Ridge, we cut off to go along it, so that later we could turn west and come out at the main summit of Chistop. After 5-6 kilometers, near a fork in the path, we come across a hut. In winter, no one stopped in this hut, although many traces of huts are visible in the snow around. Near the hut, on the trees stripped of bark, signs are cut out, incomprehensible to us. Here an empty pack of "Sever" cigarettes hangs on a branch. Then we go along the left ski track. The weather is bad, clouds have covered everything. After 5-6 kilometers we decided to start climbing to the west.
A steep forested slope begins immediately. Two hours of intensive work, and we are at the top. However, it turned out to be only a high-rise located 3-4 kilometers from the Chistop ridge. In addition, when we climbed out onto the high-rise, thick soft snow began to fall. We climbed to the top of a tall pine tree on the top of the high-rise. However, there was no visibility. Only very vaguely, something was guessed to the west of the high-rise. Since it was impossible to get our bearings, we decided to abandon the assault on Chistop and return to the camp on Severnaya Toshemka.
We slide down like meteors. You go very fast on the ski track, so you have to brake all the time. At medium speed, and even then with difficulty, you can still make turns and slip between the trees, like on a slalom hill. Without backpacks, everyone manages to do this, since the technical skiing training of all participants is relatively high.
On the way back, not far from the polaz, when the snowfall stopped and it became possible to get our bearings, we decided to survey the Chistop ridge from the treetops. Almost everyone climbed the pines. A view of the entire Chistop ridge opened up before us.
Suddenly we see a man on skis standing on the ski track. He has a gun over his shoulder. We climb down from the trees and approach him. In front of us is a young Mansi. He was wearing an overcoat made of greatcoat cloth with a hood thrown over his back. His trousers were wide to the hips, but the legs were narrow, right into the crotch. The trousers were tucked into leather boots with upturned toes. He was belted with a belt without a buckle. His round head was crowned with a shock of long black hair. In his eyes, slightly elongated at the corners and round in the middle, there was not a shadow of surprise. On the contrary, we saw in them an enormous a sense of self-worth and self-confidence.
Let's start a conversation.
Hello!
Pache ruma (hello friend) -
What's ahead?
Chizup -
- And downstairs? -
- Lagunya
Where are you coming from and where are you going?
From there and there. The hunt was
-Where do you live?
- Bakhtiyarov's yurt. There
The taciturn Mansi waved his hand vaguely.
Where is Horta? -
- Vapsos. Go to the path. You will come to a warm yurt. Sansem is close.
Our Mansi took off and quickly ran along the track on his huge wide skis. Before we could blink, there was no trace of him. A minute later, we realized that we hadn’t had time to ask where this Vapsos was. Volodya Skutin rushed after the Mansi. He had to catch up with him. It’s not for nothing that he’s not a skier and plays for the institute’s team. We also hurried along the track, and here’s the hut. Near the hut there’s a team of reindeer. A young Mansi woman is sitting on the sled. We drive up to her and try to start a conversation with her. She silently Paris takes a piece of sugar out of her pocket and holds it out to her. At first, she’s embarrassed, then she grabs it and immediately puts it in her mouth. “The Mansi woman is dressed in the same outerwear made ofgreatcoat cloth, the name of which we never learned, and from under which her colorful dress peeked out. In addition, she was wearing wide Cossack-type trousers. She had a bright scarf on her head.
Volodya Skutin rode up to us. He was never able to catch up with the Mansi. The Mansi are exceptionally hardy. They are all built rather poorly: they look puny and dry. However, you can’t keep up with them on skis. The Mansi goes hunting and doesn’t take anything to eat. He leaves in the morning and is home in the evening. During the day he covers a circle of five to ten kilometers, sleeps at night and goes hunting again the next day. In addition, the Mansi have acclimatized exceptionally well to the north and easily tolerate the cold. We were told in Ivdel that a Russian hunter was walking along a snow-covered path and saw a pile of snow. And a leg was sticking out of the pile. He started digging and stopped the Mansi, the Zhinsi was very unhappy that the Russian hunter prevented him from getting enough sleep. It turns out that the Kansi was sleeping right in the snow.
Soon another team of reindeer drove up to us, and with it came two Mansi on skis. One of them was already familiar to us, and the other was much older. It was Aleksandr Prokopyevich Bakhtiyarov. His face was covered with large wrinkles and had some kind of sly expression. The hair on his head was braided into a plait, at the end of which there was a knot. The Shansi were returning from hunting. They had just killed an elk and were not returning home empty-handed. However, during the hunt, one of the reindeer was killed by a wolf, so both sleds were loaded with meat. It was about twenty kilometers to the yurt. We agreed with Aleksandr Prokopyevich that we would come to his yurt tomorrow.
The deer ran briskly, and we set off after them as fast as we could. After 5 kilometers, this caravan reached a square fence with a side of about 10 meters. There were several deer in the fence. We said goodbye to the Mansi and rode on, and they stayed to harness the third sled.
After another 3 kilometers we came across a Mansi bivouac. There were some things, some skins, some bags. And soon we reached the northern Totemka at the mouth of the Lozhanya. In the evening the weather got worse. A ground snowstorm is sweeping. Today it is favorable. We quickly go down the Topenka and in an hour we arrive at the camp. There is a strong wind on the river, and near the tent behind the wall of trees there is complete silence. Only in the treetops does the wind howl.
We failed to take Chistop. Our mistake was that we set up a base camp far from the highest point of Chistop. Undoubtedly, the bad weather also interfered.
On Friday, February 13, we got up as usual. The wind does not stop. We go up Tosheshka against the wind. Our tracks from yesterday are completely covered. We have to bend over. The wind hits our faces, taking our breath away. But then we turn into the elk onto a reindeer trail, along which the Mansi rode yesterday. It is much better to walk in the elk. The trail is not covered. However, as soon as we come out into a clearing, there are no tracks on the trail, the snow has piled up huge drifts, and we have to walk knee-deep in the snow. Around lunchtime we arrive at Alexander Prokopyevich's yurt.
In a small valley there are two huts, in which two families live. The huts are tall, log-shaped.
SKIPPED.
We got to talking with the owner of the yurt.
The Mansi live mainly by hunting. They eat mainly meat. Soviet laws allow the Mansi to kill elk, since this is their only source of existence. The Soviet government sometimes gives the Mansi free food. The Nancy receive some of the food and ammunition for sable and squirrel skins, etc. In 1936, the National Mansi Council was created in the village of Toshemka at the mouth of the Severnaya Toshemka River. The village had a boarding school, a meeting point, a store, a cooperative, and a post office. In 1938, the Council was transferred to Buriantovo. In 1940, a group of Shansi demonstrated their artistic self-sufficiency in Ivdel, and then at a regional review in Sverdlovsk. There is currently a movement among the Mansi to resettle. However, yurts of individual families are still scattered across the taiga. Consciousness is awakening slowly.
Among the Mansi there are also progressive people who fight for a better life for their people with the remnants of the past, with the Vamans, who are still found in the taiga. They are known throughout the region
Stepan Nikolaevich Kurikov, who was elected as a deputy of the Sverdlovsk Regional Council of Workers' Deputies in 1947. We had the chance to meet him much later. He told us how he himself was slow in accepting civilization. When he first rode the train to Sveddevsk, he was so frightened by the "car with smoke" that he left Sverdlovsk for Ivdel on foot.
The vestiges of the past are still preserved in the everyday life of the Mansi. The Mansi still worship their pagan gods. The nuzhchins still wear long hair braided into a braid. The zonshchina is still considered a lower being. And a girl who has not yet given birth to a single child has no right to sit in a room except during lunch. She must work all the time, and in her free time stand at the threshold. We observed this picture in Bakhtiyarov's yurt.
However, the consciousness of the Mansi is awakening more and more. Their life is becoming more and more civilized. Thus, the two sons of Alexander Prokopyevich can read and write. His eldest daughter, as soon as he leaves the yurt, no longer stands at the threshold, but boldly runs the whole yurt. But as soon as the owner appears in the yurt, she seems to stick to the threshold. And Alexander Prokopyevich himself has changed. He started a clock in the yurt. In the morning, his whole family washes. But ten years ago, the Mansi never washed. True, even now, morning washing is very symbolic. The Mansi takes a little water in one palm, smears it on his face and wipes himself with the sleeve of his shirt. However, this already speaks of the beginning of a cultural revolution in the consciousness and life of the Mansi. In the evening, in a conversation with Alexander Prokopyevich, we discovered his interest in the political life of the country
told us that soon it would be necessary to go to Vizhay, since there would be elections, and the whole family would go to Vizhay to vote. In a conversation with him it became clear that now it was easier for him to live, since in the cooperative one could always get gunpowder and lead, food products and clothes, that now without the cooperative it would be "very bad" for him to live.
In the evening, after a hearty dinner, during which we finished almost a bucket of elk meat bought from the Mansi, we sit for a long time by the "potbelly stove" and talk with Alexander Prokopyevich. We settled around him on the skins laid on the floor, and he sat on a block and loaded cartridges. We asked the owner about the signs that we encountered in the taiga on the trees. When a Mansi hunter kills an animal, he goes out on the trail and makes a notch on a tree in a conspicuous place in joy and in memory of his success. First, he carves out the figure of the animal. Animals have their own conventional notches (see Fig. 6). Notches are made above the figure of the animal. Notches are also made under the figure of the animal. The upper notches indicate the number of hunters participating in the hunt. The lower notches indicate the number of dogs. In the middle of the notch, the Mansi puts their family sign, katpos (see Fig. 7). Sometimes there are several notches at the top of the notch, but only one family sign. This means that the father and his sons were hunting. Until they start their own family, the sons put their father's katpos. The katpos is usually first cut out with an axe and then blackened with coal. There are many such monuments to successful hunting in the taiga.
We curiously examine and try on the Mansi winter outerwear made from skins. It is a garment below the knees, with sleeves to which are half-boiled fur prisits, with a closed sewn-on hood. The garment consists of
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Topic: Hikers' experience and training (Read 10756 times)
